eUuk Ms ugha jgs A cSaxyq: ds ,d vLirky esa pkj
eghus ls HkrhZ eUuknk us g`n;k?kkr ls ijkftr gksdj vafre lkal yh A eUuk Ms ds
fu/ku dh [kcj vkt dh ml cqtqxZ ih<+h ds fnyksa esa [kkyhiu iSnk djus okyh
gS] tks eUuk Ms dh xkf;dh ds lkFk toku gq, Fks A fuf'pr :i ls 'kS'kokoLFkk esa
ys[kd tSls reke dkuksa esa fQYe cwV ikfy'k ds vks jkr x;h fQj fnu vk;k xhr ds
xk;d eUuk Ms ds Loj us laxhr ?kksyk gksxk A ,sls gh fdrus laxhr izseh eUuk Ms
dh vkokt dks lqu dj iSnk gq, gksaxs vkSj toku gq, gksaxs rFkk mudh vkokt ds
fnokus jgs gksaxs A ,sls laxhr izsfe;ksa ds fy, 24 vDrwcj eUuk Ms xhrksa dks
lqurs gq, mudh ;kn djus dk fnu gS A
izcks/k pUnz Ms mQZ eUuk Ms ds fy, ik'oZ xk;u dk
lQj 'kk;n cgqr dfBu ugha jgk gksxk A D;ksafd] muds pkpk laxhrkpk;Z d`".k
pUnz Ms e'kgwj xk;d laxhrdkj Fks A og mUgha ds lkFk 1942 esa cEcbZ vk;s A eUuk
Ms ij pkpk dk tcnZLr izHkko iM+k Fkk A ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd og cpiu ls gh LVst 'kks
djus yxs A ;gha izcks/k pUnz Ms dks eUuk Ms uke feyk A mUgksaus laxhr dh
izkjfEHkd f'k{kk vius pkpk ds vykok mLrkn nchj [kku ls yh A eUuk Ms cEcbZ vius
pkpk ds lkFk crkSj laxhrdkj dke djus yxs A ckn esa lfpu nso ceZu ls Hkh tqM+s A
tYn gh mUgksaus Lora= :i ls fQYeks esa laxhr nsuk 'kq: dj fn;k A crkSj laxhrdkj
mudh igyh fQYe egkiwtk 1954 esa fjyht gqbZ A 1942 esa dslh Ms ds laxhr funsZ'ku
esa fQYe reUuk ds tkxks vk;h m"kk iaNh cksys tkxks ls mUgksaus ik'oZxk;u
dh 'kq:vkr dh A ;gka fnypLi rF; ;g gS fd ftl nkSjku og fQYeksa esa Lora= :i ls
laxhr ns jgs Fks] ml nkSjku Hkh mUgksuas mLrkn veku vyh [kku rFkk mLrkn vCnqy
jgeku [kku tSls mLrknksa dh 'kkfxnhZ djus esa ladksp ugha fd;k A bl dk Qk;nk
eUuk Ms dks viuh xkf;dh esa egRoiw.kZ lq/kkj ykus ds :i esa feyk A caxyh gksus
ds dkj.k eUuk Ms dks 'kq:vkrh nkSj esa Hkk"kkbZ dfBukbZ vk;h A ysfdu] viuh
vkokt ij mudh idM+ tcnZLr Fkh A 'kkL=h; xkf;dh esa eUuk Ms tSlk dksbZ ugha Fkk
A og ,sls xk;d Fks] tks fdlh izdkj ds dfBu ls dfBure xhr xk ldrs Fks A vk'kk
Hkkslys us ,d ckj muds fy, dgk Fkk] **'kkL=h; xkf;dh ds fygkt ls mudk dksbZ
lkuh ugha A eSa lksprh gwa fd 'kkL=h; xhrksa dks eUuk Ms ftruh egkjr ls nwljk
dksbZ ugha xk ldrk Fkk A** mudk xk;k esjk uke tksdj dk ,s HkkbZ tjk ns[k ds
pyks xhr bldk Toyar mnkgj.k gS A ;g xhr xkf;dh ds fygkt ls dfBure Fkk A bl xhr ds fy, mUgsa fQYeQs;j ,okMZ ls uoktk
x;k A
eUuk Ms ds xk;s xhrksa dh [kkfl;r ;g rks Fkh gh fd
muds T;knk xhr 'kkL=h; vk/kkj ij cus xhr Fks A ,d [kkfl;r ;g Hkh Fkh fd bu
xhrksa esa bZ'oj ls tqM+ko eglwl fd;k tk ldrk Fkk] bZ'oj ds izfr vkLFkk O;Dr
gksrh Fkh A ,sls xhrksa esa eUuk Ms vkRek Mky nsrs Fks A iwNks uk dSls eSus jSu
fcrkbZ] dLes okns I;kj oQk lc ckrs gSa ckrks dk D;k] ,s HkkbZ tjk ns[k ds pyks]
ykxk pqujh es nkx] rw I;kj dk lkxj gS] ;g dgkuh gS fn;s vkSj rwQku dh] ftUnxh
dSlh ;s igyh gk;] vkfn nfl;ks xhr blds izek.k gSa A ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd eUuk Ms bl
izdkj ds xhrks dh vfuok;Zrk Fks A 'kkL=h; fQYe laxhr ds {ks= esa eUuk Ms dk D;k
egRo Fkk] bls dqN ?kVukvksa ls vklkuh ls le>k tk ldrk gS A ,d fnu laxhrdkj
enu eksgu us eUuk Ms dks [kqn ds cuk;s fHkaMh ehV dh nkor nh A eUuk Ms enu
eksgu ds ;gka x;s A Nd dj [kk;k A tc [kkuk ihuk gks pqdk rks enu eksgu us dgk]
**eUuk vc rqe bl /kqu dks lquks A ysfdu] bl 'krZ ij fd bls rqe gh xkvksaxs A**
eUuk Ms us /kqu lquh A mUgksaus ftl vej xhr dks xk;k] og Fkk fQYe ns[k dchjk
jks;k dk dkSu vk;k esjs eu ds }kjs A fQYe clar cgkj ds laxhrdkj 'kadj t;fd'ku
rFkk uk;d Hkkjr Hkw"k.k Fks A ml nkSjku Hkkjr Hkw"k.k ds cM+s u[kjs
gqvk djrs Fks A bl fQYe dk ,d xhr] tks Hkkjr Hkw"k.k ij fiDpjkbt gqvk Fkk]
eUuk Ms }kjk xk;k x;k Fkk A Hkkjr Hkw"k.k eUuk Ms dh xkf;dh ls [kq'k ugha
Fks rFkk xk;d dks cnyokuk pkgrs Fks A ysfdu] 'kadj t;fd'ku blds fy, fcYdqy
rS;kj ugha gq, A ysfdu] tc Hkkjr Hkw"k.k us eUuk Ms xk;s bl xhr lqj uk lts
dks lquk rks og Hkko foHkksj gks x;s A ;g eUuk Ms ds laxhr ds {ks= esa egRo dk
egRoiw.kZ mnkgj.k gS A vfuy fcLokl] 'kadj jko O;kl] ,lds iky] lfpu nso ceZu]
[ksepUnz izdk'k] vkfn laxhrdkj mudh vkokt dk bLrseky fu;fer :i ls djrs Fks A
eUuk Ms fgUnh fQYeksa ds 'kh"kZ ds xk;dksa
eksgEen jQh] fd'kksj dqekj vkSj eqds'k ds lkFk VkWi xk;dks dh pkSdM+h cukrs Fks
A pwfd] og 'kkL=h; xhrks ds vykok ikWi] fV~oLV] jkWd ,u jksy] pk pk pk vkSj
yksdxhr Hkh leku {kerk ls xk ldrs Fks] blfy, mUgsa muds ledkyhu xk;dksa vkSj
laxhrdkjksa ls vxk/k lEeku izkIr Fkk A xk;u esa muds izfrLi)hZ eksgEen jQh rks
mudh vkokt ds nhokus Fks A ,d ckj i=dkjksa ls ckrphr djrs gq, eksgEen jQh us
dgk Fkk] **vki yksx esjs xk;s xhr lqurs gSa A ysfdu] eSa dsoy eUuk Ms ds xhr
lqurk gwa A** vfuy fcLokl vkSj lfpu nso ceZu tSls laxhrdkjksa dk ekuuk Fkk fd
eUuk Ms gj og xhr Hkh xk ldrs gSa] tks eksgEen jQh] fd'kksj dqekj] eqds'k vkSj
ryr egewn xk ldrs gSa A tks Hkh ledkyhu laxhrdkj eUuk Ms ls ,d ckj xok ysrk
Fkk] og fQj muls viuh /kquas xokrk gh jgrk Fkk A lh0 jkepUnz us igyh ckj 1955
esa bUlkfu;r ds fy, eUuk Ms xok;k Fkk A blds ckn og yxkrkj viuh fQYeksa rykd]
uojax] iSxke] L=h] ohj Hkhelsu] vkfn fQYeks ads fy, xokrs jgs A
eUuk Ms vius mLrknksa dh bTtr djus okys Fks A
mUgksaus iafMr Hkhelsu tks'kh ls laxhr ds xqj lh[ks Fks A fQYe clar cgkj ds ,d
lhu esa Hkkjr Hkw"k.k laxhr ds eqdkcys es vius xq: dks gjkrs gSa A ;g xhr
Fkk dsrdh xqykc tqgh A bl eqdkcyk xhr dks xkus ds fy, 'kadj us eUuk Ms ls dgk A
ysfdu] tc eUuk Ms dks ;g ekywe iM+k fd mUgsa ;g eqdkcyk vius mLrkn iafMr
Hkhelsu tks'kh ls djuk gS rks og cEcbZ NksM+us rd dh rS;kjh djus yxs A fQj iRuh
ds cgqr le>kus ij og bl xhr dks xkus ds fy, jkth gq, A ;g xhr fgUnh fQYeks
ds 'kkL=h; xhrksa esa ehy dk iRFkj xhr gS A
eUuk Ms us cyjkt lkguh] egewn] jktdiwj vkSj ;gka
rd fd jkts'k [kUuk ds fy, Hkh ik'oZxk;u fd;k A eUuk Ms us vferkHk cPpu ;qx dh
'kq:vkr ds lkFk gh pquh gqbZ fQYesa djuk 'kq: dj fn;k A og dsoy v'kksd dqekj]
izk.k] izseukFk] ,ds gaxy] vkfn dh fQYeks esa gh ik'oZxk;u djrs jgs A izk.k ds
fy, eUuknk us dLes okns I;kj oQk] ;kjh gS bZeku esjk] b'kkjksa dks vxj le>ks
jkt dks jkt jgus nks] thuk rks gS mlh dk] vkfn vej xhr xk;s A 1995 ls mUgksaus
fQYeks esa eSyksMh [kRe gks tkus dh f'kdk;r dks ysdj fQYeks esa xkuk fcYdqy cUn
dj fn;k A vius xk;dh ds dSfj;j es eUuk Ms us pkj gtkj ls vf/kd fgUnh rFkk vU;
Hkk"kkvksa ds xhr xk;s A mUgsa 1971 es in~eJh vkSj 2005 esa in~e
foHkw"k.k iqjLdkjska ls uoktk x;k A 2007 ess nknk lkgsc Qkyds ,okMZ feyk A
Ng lky ckn] 1 ebZ 1919 dks eUuk Ms thou dk 'krd cuk ysrs A blh lky twu esa
mUgsa Nkrh es ladze.k dh f'kdk;r ij vLirky esa HkrhZ djk;k x;k Fkk A vafre le;
esa muds lkFk mudh csVh vkSj nkekn Fks A
eUuk Ms ds Js"B xhr&
1- I;kj gqvk bdjkj gqvk& pksjh pksjh&
jktdiwj vkSj ufxZl& yrk eaxs'kdj
2- ,s HkkbZ tjk ns[k ds pyks& esjk uke
tskdj& jktdiwj
3- ;s nksLrh ge ugha rksM+saxs& 'kksys&
vferkHk cPpu vkSj /kesZUnz& fd'kksj dqekj
4- ftUnxh ;g dSlh igyh gk;& vkuUn& jkts'k
[kUuk
5- ,s esjh tksgj tcha& oDr& cyjkt lkguh
6- ykxk pqujh esa nkx& fny gh rks gS&
jktdiwj] uwru vkSj izk.k
7- iwNks uk dSls eSus jSu fcrkbZ& esjh lwjr
rsjh vka[ks& v'kksd dqekj
8- ,d prqj ukj djds flaxkj& iM+kslu&
egewn& egewn
9- ;s jkr Hkhxh Hkhxh& pksjh pksjh&
jktdiwj vkSj uwru& yrk eaxs'kdj
10- ,s esjs I;kjs oru& dkcqyhokyk& cyjkt
lkguh
11- lqj uk lts& clr cgkj& Hkkjr
Hkw"k.k
12- vtgw uk vk;s ckyek& lka> vkSj
losjk& egewn vkSj 'kqHkk [kksVs
13- Qqy xsnok uk ekjks& nwt dk pkan& vkxk
14- dkSu vk;k esjs eu ds }kjs& ns[k dchjk
jks;k& vuwi dqekj
15- rw Nqih gS dgka& uojax& eghiky
